Page 37 - Year 7 Knowledge Organiser

Geography: Africa: 5 of 5 History: Water Through Time: 1 of 2

Key Terminology Key Vocabulary: Core Questions: Supporting information:

Archaeology The study of the physical remains of the Q1. What made obtaining water in the Iron A1. There was no piped water into people’s This is a painting of what the Iron-
Weather The short-term state of the atmosphere. Age so much harder than it is today? houses so it had to be fetched from streams Age settlement of Silchester may
Generally lasting days and weeks at the past. or wells. have looked like.
longest. Archaeologist Someone who learns about the past by Q2. Where did Iron Age villagers go to the A2. In cesspits which were holes in the The artist uses historical research
loo?
and archaeology to make his
Climate This is the average conditions in the studying remains of objects and ground. paintings as accurate as possible.
atmosphere over many years. buildings. Q3. Why did the Romans build conduits A3. So that fresh water could be transported
between AD43 and AD410?
Cesspits A pit used for collecting human
to their forts over long distances.
Prevailing The prevailing wind is the most frequent Q4. What facility did most Romans visit on a A4. The public bath house where they cleaned
wind wind direction a location experiences. excrement. daily basis in any town or fort? themselves and met friends.
Conduits A stone channel used to carry water over
Air mass A huge block of air moving Q5. How did the method for wiping their A5. Romans used a sponge on a stick.
over the Earth; it can be warm or cold, long distances. bottoms change from Roman to Medieval Medieval people used moss.
damp or dry, depending on where it came Medieval From the Middle Ages. Britain?
from. Monasteries A place where monks or nuns live and
Q6. Why could monasteries arrange to have A6. They were wealthy and well organised. How did Roman bath houses
Air The force pressing down on us because of worship. conduits. like the one shown below help
Pressure the weight of the atmosphere Councils A group of people elected to run local Q7. Where did medieval townspeople get A7. A conduit or water seller. people to remain healthy?

Altitude The height of a place above sea level government. their water from?
Privy Toilet – often without any flushing A8. They had it piped into their home, bought
Atmosphere The layer of gas around the earth. Q8. In Early Modern Britain how did it from a water seller or got it from a conduit.
system. townspeople get clean water? A9. Sir John Harrington in 1596.
Depression A weather system made up of a warm Gongfermer Person who cleans out cesspits.
front chased by a cold front. It brings wet Terraced A row of houses joined end to end. Q9. Who invented the first flushing water A10. The population experienced a massive
and windy weather. closet? increase and towns became very crowded.
Yard A small area around which houses were Q10. Why did sewage disposal become such A11. They believed it was caused by bad air – The photograph above shows a yard in Manchester in
Latitude How far a place is North or South of the built. a problem in Industrial Britain? known as miasma. 1908. Poor quality and crowded housing like this led
Equator. It is measured in degrees. Epidemic A disease that affects many people at the Q11. The cholera epidemic of 1831 was A12. He identified that cholera was caused by • to several cholera outbreaks.
Sometimes whole streets shared a single water
North Atlan A warm current in the Atlantic Ocean. It same time. caused by bacteria in drinking water but dirty drinking water. pump
what did people think caused it?
Often the water was dirty and right next to the
tic Drift keeps the weather on the west coast of Parliament The people who make laws and discuss Q12. What link did John Snow identify in A13. This was due to the ‘Great Stink’ caused • cesspit which could leak into the water supply
Britain mild in winter. 1854? by the very hot summer and the dry river • People who caught cholera began to vomit and
national issues. Thames. have diarrhoea and then often died within a day.
Precipitatio Water falling from the sky as rain, sleet, hail Public Health Measures taken by governments and Q13. Why were Parliament unable to use A14. He published his ‘Germ Theory’ that
n or snow. the House of Commons in 1858? suggested that diseases were caused by tiny
other authorities to look after people’s micro-organisms in the world around us.
Temperatur How hot or cold something is. Measured Sanitation health. Q14. What big break through did Louis
e in degrees centigrade. Pasteur make in 1861?
The provision of clean water and the
disposal of sewage and waste.