Page 44 - Year 8 Knowledge Organiser

History: The Agricultural and Industrial Revolution: 1 of 1

Key Agriculture: a Revolution: a Urbanisation: the Crop rotation: Germ Theory: Enclosure: Industry:
terms I broad process of making The act of the Bringing strips of The making of raw goods
must term for farming. dramatic and wide- an area more urban. changing crops in idea that land together usually in factories. The
know: This could be reaching change in The move from rural a field from year to diseases and putting beginning of mass
growing crops areas to those of year so that no are caused by fences around production.
and conditions or towns and cities. land is left fallow germs that land. Used
attitudes.
raising livestock (with nothing or during the
(animals). growing in it). microorganisms. Agricultural
Revolution.
Industrial changes
The Industrial Revolution brought the United Kingdom into an era of technology Inventions
and productivity. It created wealth for many but social problems and poverty for • Steam power - In around 1712, Thomas Newcomen built the first
others. commercially successful steam engine to pump water out of mines.
By 1914, England had become a great trading nation with a worldwide empire, James Watt made steam engines much more efficient. His other
which covered a fifth of the globe. There were many notable changes including; improvements meant steam engines could replace water and horse
• a 260 per cent growth in population o a change from agriculture to industry power in a wide variety of industries, which in turn allowed factories
• a move from domestic industry to factory work to be built anywhere.
• a move from water and wind power to steam engines • In 1815 Humphry Davy invented a lamp that changed colour of it
• a revolution in transport and communications, from canals and pack horses, to came into contact with methane gas. It transformed the mining
railways and the telegraph - Transport and communications - George industry.
Stephenson and Isambard Kingdom Brunel oversaw the 'Railway Mania' of the • There were a number of other ground breaking inventions such as;
1800s. 1837 - Samuel Morse invented the telegraph, in 1839 - Kirkpatrick
Macmillan invented the bicycle and in 1885 - Karl Benz invented the
motor car.

Case study – the 1854 outbreak of cholera prompted John Snow to investigate:
Snow created a spot map to show the deaths from cholera that occurred around
Broad Street in the Soho district of London.
This led Snow to notice a pattern; that the deaths were all connected to the water
pump
Snow removed the handle of the water pump and prevented people from using it.
There were no more deaths in the Broad Street area from cholera.