Page 46 - Year 11 Knowledge Organiser

Health & Social Care: Component 2A Task 1: 2 of 11

2. Health Conditions
Health Condition Managed by Management
Coronary heart disease Individual Eating a healthy diet, Exercising regularly, Maintaining a healthy weight, Giving up smoking, Reducing alcohol consumption, Reducing stress
Coronary heart disease Healthcare services Primary care: GPs may prescribe medicines such as statins, Secondary care: a cardiologist may need to insert a stent, Tertiary care: might need
heart bypass surgery or a heart transplant
Cerebral vascular Individual Making lifestyle changes (e.g. improving diet and exercising more regularly), Participating in the rehabilitation process (e.g. regularly doing
accident exercises to restore cognitive abilities and muscle strength)
Cerebral vascular Healthcare services Primary care: doctors may prescribe medicine to prevent blood clots, reduce blood pressure and reduce cholesterol, Tertiary care: a
accident neurosurgeon may be needed to perform surgery to remove blood clots and reduce brain swelling, Allied health professionals: physiotherapists,
occupational therapists, speech and language therapists and dieticians may be needed to help with rehabilitation and regaining independence
Type 2 diabetes Individual Eating a carbohydrate-controlled diet, Maintaining a healthy weight, Exercising regularly
Type 2 diabetes Healthcare services Primary care: GPs can prescribe medicine or insulin injections if other medicines don't work to lower blood glucose levels, Secondary care: a
diabetes nurse will explain how to take the medicine and give advice on any lifestyle changes needed
Dementia Individual Keeping physically active, Engaging in mentally stimulating activities (e.g. puzzles or reading), Keeping a calendar to help remember planned
events, Reminiscence therapy
Dementia Healthcare services Primary care: a GP may prescribe medicine to reduce symptoms, Allied health professionals: occupational therapists help people overcome
difficulties with everyday tasks, Physiotherapists help maintain strength and mobility
Obesity Individual Eating a balanced, calorie-controlled diet, Exercising regularly, Joining a weight loss group
Obesity Healthcare services Primary care: GPs may recommend medicine to reduce the amount of fat absorbed during digestion, Secondary care: psychologists can help a
person understand why they overeat and to cope with cravings and overeating triggers
Asthma Individual Avoiding triggers such as cigarette smoke, damp or mouldy environments and allergens, Using their preventer inhaler every day and carrying their
reliever inhaler with them at all times
Asthma Healthcare services Primary care: GPs will prescribe medicine (e.g. inhalers and tablets), Secondary care: asthma nurses will create an action plan with a patient
Chronic obstructive Individual Avoiding air pollution and smoke, Maintaining a healthy weight, Exercising regularly
pulmonary disease (COPD)
Chronic obstructive Healthcare services Primary care: GPs will prescribe medicines and inhalers, Tertiary care: may need to perform lung surgery or a lung transplant, Allied health
pulmonary disease (COPD) professionals: physiotherapists or dieticians may be needed
Arthritis Individual Exercising regularly, Eating a healthy, balanced diet, Maintaining a healthy weight
Arthritis Healthcare services Primary care: GPs prescribe medicine for symptoms, Secondary care: may need joint replacement surgery, Allied health professionals:
physiotherapists help improve joint flexibility, Occupational therapists help make everyday tasks easier
Sensory impairments Individual Booking regular sight and hearing tests, Learning to use sign language or to read Braille
Sensory impairments Healthcare services Primary care: optometrists will prescribe and fit vision aids such as glasses or contact lenses, Secondary care: a hearing specialist (audiologist)
will fit hearing aids or hearing implants, Allied health professionals: occupational therapists help people with severe vision loss or severe hearing
loss adapt to difficulties in their everyday lives
Physical impairments Individual Asking for practical support if they needed it, Reducing the impact on their day-to-day life (e.g. by making changes around their home and using
accessibility aids)
Physical impairments Healthcare services Primary care: GPs can prescribe medicine for pain, Allied health professionals: physiotherapists help people improve their mobility,
Occupational therapists help people overcome any difficulties they have with carrying out everyday tasks
Learning disability Individual Adapting their lifestyle and environment to fit their needs, Discussing their needs with their teachers or employers to make sure they get extra
support if needed
Learning disability Healthcare services Primary care: GPs do annual health checks, Allied health professionals: speech and language therapists can help people improve their
communication skills, Occupational therapists help people carry out daily tasks and live independently