Page 37 - Year 9 Knowledge Organiser

Geography: Development, Trade and Aid: 1 of 6 Geography: Development, Trade and Aid: 2 of 6

Newly emerging economy A country experiencing high levels of industrialisation, improvements to quality of life and economic development.
Key Terms (NEE)
Bilateral Aid Multilateral Aid Mechanisation When jobs previously done by humans are replaced by machinery.
Normally has lots of money, many Subsidy Money given by a government to a company to help them make more profit.
Developed country services, and a high standard of
living. Tax break A reduction in tax over a fixed period of time.
Developing country Weaker economy, fewer services, Informal sector Jobs with no formal contract.
and a lower standard of living. Favela Brazilian term for a squatter settlement or informal housing.
An imaginary line dividing the world Transnational corporation A company that operates across more than one country.
into developed and developing
countries.

World map showing the Brandt Line.
Advantages of aid Disadvantages of aid
Brandt Line
1. People learn new skills e.g. improved farming 1. Countries can become dependent
techniques; so become independent. upon aid, causing problems if it is

2. Can save lives after a natural disaster e.g. removed.
supplying clean water, food and medicines. 2. Corrupt governments can sell the aid
on, so it does not reach those in need.
3. Simple technology e.g. water pumps, are easy 3. The recipient can end up in debt if
Gross Domestic Product The total number of goods and services sold for the locals to maintain. loans or deals are made.
(GDP) per capita by a country, divided by its population.

Infant mortality The number of babies that die per 1000 Advantages of Fairtrade Disadvantages of Fairtrade Positive multiplier e
before their first birthday.
Life expectancy The average age you are expected to live to 1. Farmers receive a fair 1. Non-Fairtrade farmers Impacts Of Shell On Nigeria
in a country.
and decent price.
may lose out.
Literacy rate The % of people that can read and write. 2. Ensures good working 2. Sales can often be low Advantages Disadvantages
conditions for farmers. as the price of Fairtrade
People per doctor The number of people to one doctor. Shell creates 65,000 direct and 250,000 indirect jobs. Environmental damage e.g. Bodo Oil Spills.
3. Farmers receive the goods can be high.
Human Fairtrade premium. Shell invested $1.5m into improving medical equipment in the Central Hospital, Leakage effect – Shell is an Anglo-Dutch company.
Combines GNI per capita, life expectancy and Abuja.
Development
years in schooling. Shell launched a development programme, called Shell LiveWire, which Corruption – Shell paid $1.3bn to a corrupt former government minister for
Index (HDI) supports young entrepreneurs. an oil field.