Page 38 - Year 9 Knowledge Organiser

Geography: Earthquakes: 3 of 6

Why do people live in areas of tectonic hazards? Predicting and Preparing for Volcanic Eruptions Predicting and Preparing for Earthquakes

Tiltmeters used to measure change in shape. Use seismometers to identify irregularities in tremors.
1. Creates tourism (e.g. Vesuvius in Italy).
2. The ash makes the land fertile meaning jobs for Spectrometers to measure sulphur dioxide emissions. Measure radon gas that will appear as cracks in the
farmers. ground.

3. Friends and family may live nearby. Evacuation and exclusion zones around the volcano. Retrofit existing buildings with cross bracings.
4. Some people cannot afford to live elsewhere. Ensure medical, food and water supplies are stocked. Practice earthquake drills.

Earthquake location Both 7.8 LIC Gorkha Nepal, 2015 HIC Kaikoura, New Zealand 2016:
magnitude
GDP per capita: US$ 690 GDP per capita: US$ 40,331
Primary effects 9,000 people died, 20,000 injured. 2 died and 50 injured.
Secondary effects A lack of clean water led to 13 dying from Typhus. 100,000 landslides blocked roads and rail.
Short term responses Search and rescue teams, water and medical support arrived quickly 200 of the most vulnerable were evacuated from Kaikoura in 24
from India and China. hours.
Long term responses The road from Nepal to Tibet was reopened after 2 years. Most roads and rail systems were repaired within 2 years.